Ngomhla woku-1 kweyoMqungu ngo-2026, ishishini lesinyithi laseTshayina liza kwazisa umzuzu obalulekileyo—inkqubo yelayisenisi yokuthumela ngaphandle iya kugubungela ngokusemthethweni iDINSENimibhobho yesinyithi esenziwe ngentsimbikwayeimibhobho yentsimbi ethambileyoXa iqela lokuqala leepayipi zesinyithi ezithambileyo ezifuna iinombolo zelayisenisi zokususa amaxabiso eenqanawa lafakwa kwiinqanawa eTianjin Port, imithambo-luvo yekhonkco lokubonelela ngezixhobo zeziseko zophuhliso zehlabathi yatsalwa kancinci. Oku akukokutshintsha nje kokongeza inani kwizibhengezo zerhafu, kodwa lutshintsho olukhulu olujolise ekubumbeni inkqubo yeshishini, ukujikeleza kwalo kuchaphazela yonke ikhonkco ukusuka kwiindawo zokusekwa zaseTshayina ukuya kwiiprojekthi zokugcina amanzi zaseAfrika, ukusuka kwiipayipi zikamasipala zaseYurophu ukuya kwiiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso zaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia.
I. Ukumisa Ukhuphiswano Olubi: Indlela Iilayisenisi Eziba “Yindlela Yokuqhawuka Kwemfazwe Yamaxabiso”
Kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, ukungalingani phakathi kokwandiswa kwamandla okuvelisa imibhobho yesinyithi ethambileyo yaseTshayina kunye nokuguquguquka komjikelo weziseko zophuhliso zehlabathi kukhokelele kwimfazwe enkulu yamaxabiso okuthumela ngaphandle. Ukuthatha umbhobho wesinyithi othambileyo we-DN500 njengomzekelo, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokuthumela ngaphandle liye lehla ngaphezulu kwama-40% ukusuka kwincopho yalo ngo-2021, kwaye ezinye iinkampani zide zifikelele kwinqanaba leendleko.
Enye yezona zinto ziphambili kwinkqubo yelayisenisi yokuthumela ngaphandle kukuphelisa le "mfazwe engenabaphumeleli" ngokulungiswa kobonelelo. Inkqubo yelayisenisi idibanisa iilayisenisi neempawu ezifana nokusetyenziswa komthamo, ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo, kunye nemigangatho yobugcisa, okwenza ngempumelelo isihluzi somthamo oguqukayo:
Ukubeka phambili amandla okuhambelana nemithetho: Amandla omgangatho ophezulu ahlangabezana nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo kwaye anobuchwepheshe obuphambili aya kufumana iilayisenisi zokuthumela ngaphandle ezizinzileyo.
Ukususa Amandla Aphantsi: Iitshaneli zokuthumela ngaphandle zamandla aphelelwe lixesha, asebenzisa amandla amaninzi, kunye namandla ongcolisa ziya kuqiniswa kancinci kancinci.
Ukubuyela kwexabiso kwingqiqo: Ukuhanjiswa okucwangcisiweyo kuya kuxhasa amaxabiso okuthumela ngaphandle abuyele kwixabiso elifanelekileyo.
II. Ukutshintshatshintsha kweMizigo: Umdlalo wezothutho lwaMazwe ngaMazwe phantsi koMgaqo-nkqubo oMtsha
Njengoko inkqubo yelayisenisi isetyenziswa, imakethi yokuthumela impahla kwihlabathi liphela ijongene notshintsho olutsha. Ukusukela kwisiqingatha sesibini sowama-2025, izinto ezifana nemeko yoLwandle oluBomvu kunye nembalela yePanama Canal ziye zadibana zabangela ukuba amazinga okuthutha impahla esuka eTshayina ukuya kumazibuko amakhulu aseYurophu anyuke malunga nama-65% xa kuthelekiswa nokuqala konyaka. Ngaphambili, xa amazinga okuthumela impahla ehla ngokukhawuleza, abathengisi basekhaya babedla ngokubhenela ekunciphiseni amaxabiso nokuba iindleko zingakanani ukugcina iiodolo, nto leyo eyandisa ukhuphiswano.
Le nkqubo intsha ibonelela ngendlela yokunyanga ukukhwankqiswa kweendleko zokuthutha impahla:
* Ukwanda kwenani lezivumelwano zexesha elide: Amashishini asemgangathweni ophezulu aneziqinisekiso zelayisenisi anethuba elikhulu lokusayina izivumelwano zexesha elide nabathengi bamanye amazwe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inzuzo ifikeleleke.
* Iindlela zothutho ezilungiselelweyo: Amashishini anokukhetha izisombululo ezizezinye ezinje ngoololiwe bokuthutha impahla baseTshayina naseYurophu kunye nothutho oludibeneyo olusekelwe kwizicwangciso zokuthumela ngaphandle ezizinzileyo.
* Indlela yokwabelana ngomngcipheko: Xa amaxabiso enyuka, abathengi nabathengisi banokuthetha-thethana ngomlinganiselo wokwabelana ngeendleko zokuthutha ngokusekelwe kubonelelo oluzinzileyo oluqinisekisiweyo ziilayisenisi.
III. Isikhokelo Esisebenzayo: Uhlalutyo Olupheleleyo lweNkqubo yeSicelo seLayisenisi yoThumelo ngaphandle
Kumashishini, ukuqonda amanqaku aphambili esicelo selayisenisi sisitshixo sokuqala sokuvula imakethi ka-2026. Ngokwesakhelo somgaqo-nkqubo esikhoyo, inkqubo ingahlulwahlulwa ibe ngamanqanaba amathathu aphambili:
* Inkqubo iyonke: I-Enterprise ifaka isicelo sesitshixo se-elektroniki sokuqinisekiswa kobuwena kwaye ibopha uphawu lwe-elektroniki → Ingena kwiwebhusayithi ye-Ministry of Commerce → I-Ministry of Commerce Business System Iqonga Elidibeneyo → Inkqubo Yesicelo Selayisenisi Yokuthumela Ngaphandle → Izalisa ifomu yesicelo kwi-intanethi → Ilayisha iikopi eziskeniweyo zezixhobo zesicelo njengezincamathiselo → Ingenisa ifomu yesicelo → Uhlolo lokuqala yi-arhente ekhuphayo → Uhlolo lwesibini → Ilayisenisi ye-elektroniki eveliswe emva kokuvunywa → Ilayisenisi ye-elektroniki ethunyelwe kwi-customs → I-Enterprise igqibezela iinkqubo zokubhengeza i-customs ngenombolo yelayisenisi.
Ngomhla wokuqala ka-2026, njengoko iilayisenisi ezintsha zokuthumela ngaphandle ziqala ukuhamba neqela ngalinye leepayipi zesinyithi ezithambileyo ngaphesheya kolwandle, isahluko esidala kushishino lwentsimbi lwaseTshayina sasiphela, ngelixa iphepha lokuqala lesahluko esitsha lifundeka ngolu hlobo: ukusuka “ekuphumeleleni ngobuninzi” ukuya “ekuphumeleleni ukuthembana ngomgangatho,” ukusuka “kulwandle olubomvu lweemfazwe zamaxabiso” ukuya “kulwandle oluluhlaza olunexabiso.”I-DINSENbaphendule ngenkuthalo kwimigaqo-nkqubo yelizwe, befaka izicelo zeelayisenisi zokuthumela ngaphandle ngokukhawuleza—bekhawuleza ukuya kwicala elisebenzayo ngakumbi, elizinzileyo, nelihlonipha imakethi.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-25-2025
