Kwishishini langoku,imibhobho yentsimbizisetyenziswa kakhulu kunikezelo lwamanzi, amanzi, ukuhanjiswa kwerhasi kunye nezinye iindawo ezininzi ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okugqwesileyo. Ukuqonda nzulu ukusebenza kwemibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile, umzobo we-metallographic wemibhobho ye-iron idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Namhlanje, siza kuxoxa ngendima ye-metallographic diagrams ye-ductile iron pipes ngobunzulu, kwaye sigxininise ekuhlalutyeni ixabiso elihle kakhulu eliziswaI-DINSENimibhobho yentsimbi edonsayo ifikelela kwinqanaba loku-1 lesantya se-spheroidization. Lo mzobo ulandelayo ngumfanekiso we-metallographic diagram ye-DINSEN ductile iron pipes.
Ngamagama alula, imizobo ye-metallographic yimifanekiso yesakhiwo sangaphakathi sesinyithi esijongwe ngemakroskopu ye-metallographic kunye nezinye izixhobo emva kokulungiswa kwesampulu ethile yezixhobo zetsimbi. Kwimibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile, imizobo yazo ye-metallographic ibonisa ulwazi oluphambili olufana nemeko yokusabalalisa, iimpawu zemilo kunye neqondo le-spheroidization yesinyithi kwi-matrix yentsimbi. Xa ulungiselela iisampulu ze-metallographic, uchungechunge lweenkqubo zokusebenza ezibuthathaka ezifana nokusika, ukugaya, ukupolisha kunye nokubola kuyafuneka. Ukusika kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba iisampuli ezikhethiweyo zingamela iimpawu zombhobho jikelele; inkqubo yokugaya ngokuthe ngcembe iphelisa umonakalo owenziwe ngokusika, ukwenzela ukuba i-flatness yomhlaba ihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile; ukupolisha kuqhubela phambili ukwenza umphezulu wesampulu ugudiswe njengesipili, ukuze ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi luboniswe ngokucacileyo emva kokunyangwa komhlwa okulandelayo; i-corrosion kukusetyenziswa kwee-reagents zeekhemikhali ukusabela kunye nezakhiwo zetsimbi ezahlukeneyo ukuya kumaqondo ahlukeneyo, ukuze kuboniswe umahluko ocacileyo kwisakhiwo sombutho phantsi kwe-microscope. Ngolu chungechunge lwemisebenzi, sinokufumana umzobo we-metallographic onokubonisa ngokuchanekileyo i-microstructure ye-ductile iron pipes.
Uphando lwentsebenzo yezinto:Ukusebenza kwemibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile inxulumene ngokusondeleyo kwimeko ye-graphite nodules. Ukusuka kumzobo we-metallographic, sinokubona ngokucacileyo ubungakanani, inani kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamaqhuqhuva egraphite. Ubungakanani be-graphite nodules buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iipropathi ze-mechanical of cast iron cast. Amaqhuqhuva amancinci kwaye asasazwe ngokulinganayo anokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo amandla kunye nokuqina kwentsimbi. Ngokomzekelo, xa amaqhuqhuva egraphite amancinci kwaye asasazwa ngokulinganayo, anokusasaza uxinzelelo ngakumbi kwaye anciphise uxinzelelo loxinzelelo xa ephantsi kwamandla angaphandle, ukuze imibhobho yentsimbi ibenoxinzelelo olungcono kunye neempawu zokuqina. Umzobo we-metallographic ufana nencwadi yekhowudi yezinto eziphathekayo. Ngokuyitolika, abaphandi banokufumana ukuqonda okunzulu kobudlelwane phakathi kwesakhiwo sangaphakathi kunye neempawu zezinto eziphathekayo, kwaye banike isiseko sokuphuhliswa kwezinto ezingcono ze-ductile iron pipe.
Ulawulo lwemeko:Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa imibhobho yensimbi ye-ductile, imizobo ye-metallographic yindlela ebalulekileyo yokulawula umgangatho. Ibhetshi nganye yemibhobho yentsimbi eyenziweyo kufuneka ivavanywe ngokwesinyithi. Ngokuthelekisa umzobo we-metallographic kunye ne-atlas eqhelekileyo, inokugqiba ukuba ngaba imveliso ihlangabezana nemigangatho yomgangatho. Ukuba umzobo we-metallographic ubonisa ukuba i-spheroidization yeebhola zegraphite ihlwempuzekile, njengomlinganiselo omkhulu we-flake graphite okanye umlinganiselo ophantsi kakhulu we-spheroidization, ukusebenza kwebhetshi yeemveliso akunakuhlangabezana neemfuno ezilindelekileyo. Kubavelisi, ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kweengxaki zomgangatho onjalo kunokuthintela iimveliso ezingafanelekanga ukuba zingene kwiimarike kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko yezoqoqosho. Kwakhona kunceda ukuphucula iinkqubo zemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza komgangatho wemveliso.
Uhlalutyo lokusilela:Xa imibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile ingaphumeleli okanye ingaphumeleli ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, imizobo ye-metallographic inokubonelela ngeendlela eziphambili zokufumana isizathu sokungaphumeleli. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umbhobho ugqabhuka, ngokuhlalutya umzobo we-metallographic kufuphi nenxalenye eqhekekileyo, kunokufunyanwa ukuba izinga le-spheroidization yee-nodules ze-graphite liyancipha, okubangela ukunciphisa ubunzima bezinto kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-brittle phantsi kwamandla angaphandle kwexesha elide; okanye ngenxa yokungcola okanye iziphene kwisakhiwo, i-corrosion ibangelwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ekugqibeleni zikhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwemibhobho. Emva kokuba isizathu sokungaphumeleli sicaciswe ngokuhlalutya kwe-metallographic, amanyathelo okuphucula okujoliswe kuwo anokuthathwa, njengokuphucula inkqubo yokuvelisa, ukulungiswa kwefomula yezinto eziluhlaza, njl., Ukuphucula ubomi benkonzo kunye nokuthembeka kwemibhobho yensimbi ye-ductile.
Isantya se-Spheroidization sisalathisi esibalulekileyo sokulinganisa umgangatho wemibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile. Ibonisa iqondo legraphite spheroidization. Ukuphakama kwesantya se-spheroidization, i-shadow shape ye-graphite nodules isondele kwi-sphere egqibeleleyo kwaye ukusabalalisa kufana. Ngokwemigangatho echaphazelekayo, izinga le-spheroidization lidla ngokwahlulwa ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo, ngokubanzi ukusuka kwinqanaba loku-1 ukuya kwinqanaba lesi-6, kunye nenqanaba le-1 elinelona zinga liphezulu le-spheroidization kunye nenqanaba lesi-6 elinelona zinga liphantsi le-spheroidization.
Inqanaba le-Spheroidization yeNqanaba loku-1: Kwimibhobho yentsimbi etyhutyhayo efikelela kwinqanaba le-1 le-spheroidization, amaqhuqhuva egraphite ngaphakathi aphantse ukuba angqukuva ngokugqibeleleyo, alinganayo ngobukhulu, kwaye asasazeke kakhulu kwaye asasazwe ngokulinganayo. Le microstructure ifanelekileyo inika imibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile ebalaseleyo iimpawu zoomatshini. Ngokwamandla, inokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwaye inokugcina isakhiwo esizinzileyo nokuba ingcwatywe nzulu emhlabeni ukuze imelane noxinzelelo lomhlaba okanye xa ihambisa i-high-pressure fluids. Ngokumalunga nokuqina, imibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile enezinga le-spheroidization ye-1 inokumelana nempembelelo ebalaseleyo. Naphantsi kweemeko ezinzima ze-geological, ezifana neendawo ezithandwa yinyikima, ziyakwazi ukuxhathisa ngokufanelekileyo impembelelo yezinto ezifana nokufuduka komhlaba, ukunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwemibhobho. Ngexesha elifanayo, izinga elihle le-spheroidization linceda ekuphuculeni ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion yombhobho, kuba ukuhanjiswa okufanayo kweebhola zegraphite kunciphisa ukubola kwe-electrochemical okubangelwa ukuhlukana kwe-microstructural.
Impembelelo yamanqanaba ahlukeneyo esantya se-spheroidization ekusebenzeni:Njengoko izinga le-spheroidization lincipha, imilo yeebhola zegraphite ngokuthe ngcembe ishenxa kwimilo engqukuva, kwaye ibonakala ngakumbi i-elliptical, njenge-worm kunye ne-flake graphite. Ezi grafiti ezibunjwe ngokungaqhelekanga ziya kwenza amanqaku oxinzelelo lwengqondo ngaphakathi kwezinto, ukunciphisa amandla kunye nokuqina kwezinto. Ngokomzekelo, iibhola zegraphite zemibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile enezinga le-spheroidization ye-3 ayiqhelekanga njengenqanaba le-1, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kungalingani. Xa bephantsi koxinzelelo olufanayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba bakhubazeke ekuhlaleni okanye bade bagqabhuke. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-corrosion resistance, imibhobho enezinga eliphantsi le-spheroidization iyancipha ngakumbi kwi-electrochemical corrosion ngenxa ye-microstructure engalinganiyo, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ubomi benkonzo yombhobho.
Iimpawu ezigqwesileyo zoomatshini:Imibhobho yentsimbi ye-DINSEN inamandla aphezulu kakhulu kunye nokuqina ngenxa yenqanaba loku-1 le-spheroidization. Kwiiprojekthi zonikezelo lwamanzi, banokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwamanzi, baqinisekise unikezelo lwamanzi oluzinzileyo, kunye nokunciphisa ukwenzeka kweengozi zokugqabhuka kwemibhobho. Kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi, ezijongene neemfuno ezikhawulezayo zokukhutshwa kwamanzi aphezulu kwimozulu embi njengemvula enkulu, amandla abo aphezulu kunye nokuqina okulungileyo kunokuqinisekisa ukuba umbhobho awonakaliswa yimpembelelo yamanzi. Kwintsimi yokuhanjiswa kwerhasi, ukuhanjiswa kwerhasi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kufuna amandla emibhobho ephezulu kakhulu. Izinga le-1 le-spheroidization yezinga le-DINSEN yeepayipi zensimbi ze-ductile yenza ukuba ikwazi ngokupheleleyo kulo msebenzi, iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwegesi ekhuselekileyo neyithembekileyo.
Ubomi benkonzo ende:I-microstructure efanayo eziswa yinqanaba le-spheroidization yebanga le-1 iphucula kakhulu ukuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion ye-DINSEN ductile iron pipes. Nokuba ikwimekobume ephantsi komhlaba efumileyo okanye kwindawo yokukhuphela amanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso aqulethe imidiya ebolileyo, ukuxhathisa kwayo kokutya kuphezulu kakhulu kunemibhobho enamazinga asezantsi e-spheroidization. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwemibhobho ye-DINSEN ductile iron, ubukhulu bodonga lombhobho buyancipha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye bunokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle ixesha elide, ukwandisa kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yombhobho kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokutshintshwa kunye nokugcinwa.
Ukuguquguquka kwesicelo esibanzi:Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo, iipayipi zentsimbi ze-DINSEN ductile ziyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neendawo ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli ezinzima kunye neemfuno zesicelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kwimimandla esemantla ebanda, ihlangabezana noxinzelelo olubangelwa ukwanda kwamanzi okukhenkceza kumbhobho ebusika, okanye kwimimandla esemazantsi eshushu kunye nemvula, ixhathisa ukubola kwiindawo ezifumileyo. Isebenza kakuhle kwiinkalo zolwakhiwo lweziseko ezingundoqo zasezidolophini, ubunjineli boshishino kunye nokunkcenkceshela kwezolimo, kwaye ibonelela ngezisombululo zemibhobho ethembekileyo yophuhliso lwamashishini ahlukeneyo.
Isishwankathelo, umzobo we-metallographic wemibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile idlala indima engenakuphinda ithathelwe indawo kuphando lwezinto eziphathekayo, ukulawula umgangatho kunye nohlalutyo lokungaphumeleli. Umgangatho wezinga le-spheroidization, ngokukodwa inqanaba le-1 le-spheroidization eliphunyeziweyo yi-DINSEN yeepayipi zentsimbi ye-ductile, ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwemibhobho ye-iron ductile, ukwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo kunye nokuhlangabezana noluhlu olubanzi lweemfuno zesicelo. Ngokuqonda ngokunzulu imizobo yesigaba se-metallographic kunye nesantya se-spheroidization, sinokuqonda ngcono imibhobho yentsimbi ye-ductile, i-industrial material ebalulekileyo, kwaye inike ukudlala ngokupheleleyo kwiinzuzo zabo kwizicelo eziphathekayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-21-2025
